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Yogyakarta was founded in 1775 and was the capital of Mataram Kingdom when the Dutch come along. The Dutch granted the Kings by title Sultan of Yogyakarta territory. Yogyakarta was also the scenes of Indonesia most successful rebellions against the Dutch – firstly with Prince Diponegoro who waged a holy war against colonial rule in 1825 – 1830, and also serving as the capital of the newly independent republic after world war II when the Dutch reoccupied BATAVIA (Jakarta).
People have lived in Central Java and Yogyakarta area since immemorial time since over the centuries they attracted by the rich soil caused by the numerous volcanic eruptions. The
earliest recorded history
dares from the 9th century and was dominated by Hindu and Buddhist Kingdoms
that gave rise to the magnificent temples such as Prambanan, Ratu Boko,
Sambisari, and Borobudur found in this area. Yogyakarta itself dates back to
18th century. In the early of that century, Pakubuwono II ruled the Muslim
Mataram Kingdom of the time. After passed away, there is a conflict between his
son and his brother, which was encouraged by the Dutch who were trying to
colonized the region on a “divide and rule” basis
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By the Gianti agreement in 1775, the Kingdom was
then divided into two regions namely Surakarta Hadiningrat Kingdom under Sunan
Pakubuwono III rule, and Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Kingdom under Sultan
Hamengku Buwono I rule. He was the founder of the present lines Sultan who
still live in Kraton and play important role in Javanese Culture. The second
kingdom was later called Yogyakarta, and up until now better known as
Yogyakarta.
After the independence of the Republic Indonesia was
proclaimed, Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII launched a
statement that the Kasultanan and Kadipaten (the two royal regions), belonged
to Republic of Indonesia as part of the whole area of Indonesia Republic. Since
then, it has been known as Yogyakarta special region and was given a provincial
status in 1950 in recognition of its important role in it fighting for the
independence
After the independence of the Republic Indonesia was
proclaimed, Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX and Sri Paku Alam VIII launched a
statement that the Kasultanan and Kadipaten (the two royal regions), belonged
to Republic of Indonesia as part of the whole area of Indonesia Republic. Since
then, it has been known as Yogyakarta special region and was given a provincial
status in 1950 in recognition of its important role in it fighting for the
independence